TRUMBULL COLLEGE: September 29, 2025
I have been pleasantly surprised at the weather we’ve been having this term. The days are getting shorter, of course, but it has been so nice. I hope you’re all taking some time to get outside.
As we are in the middle of the first wave of big papers/projects/exams, I want to remind you that YC3 is available for 1:1 support to students. You can book appointments with their Wellness Specialists (shoutout to Angie Makomenaw, who is a Trumbull Fellow and is awesome) or College Care Clinicians directly on their website. Please don’t hesitate to reach out to them: https://yalecollege.yale.edu/getting-help/yale-college-community-care-yc3.
It’s also not too early to start counting down to October break! ;) Hang in there with everything and have a great week!
TC’29: NEXT WEEEK – Academic Integrity Workshop (required) on Tuesday, October 7th at 8:30pm in the Trumbull College Dining Hall. Looking forward to seeing you all there!
Meeting with me
To make an appointment, please use the Calendly scheduling tool, https://calendly.com/dean_c, or reach out to Alice with any scheduling issues. For in-person meetings, please come to the office. We’re right here in Trumbull G104, which you can access across from Entryway A or through Entryway G. Zoom meetings (including open Zoom office hours) will be through my Zoom page: https://yale.zoom.us/my/skchandhoke.
My OPEN ZOOM office hours for each week are listed on the top of my Calendly page. When you click on the Zoom link, you will be placed into a waiting room. I will speak to students (one-on-one) in the order they “arrive.” My upcoming open hours are Thursday, October 2nd (4-5pm) and Friday, October 3rd (10-11:30am). Please check the little blurb on Calendly for my latest open Zoom hours.
ACADEMICS
Please double check your Course Schedule and Yale Degree Audit to make sure you are officially registered for your courses. If your class list is not exactly what you thought it was, please %20alice.kustenbauder@yale.edu?subject=issues%20with%20my%20schedule">let us know immediately. Many problems that students have with the registration system can be remedied, but being prompt in informing us is essential.
Double credit: If you are interested in petitioning to earn double credit in a single-credit course, please read the relevant section in the YCPS, and then consult with me. The deadline to submit this petition is Midterm, but I recommend that you do so well before that date.
Yale Degree Audit: Yale Degree Audit (YDA) is a tool that tracks your progress toward the bachelor’s degree. You can learn about – and access! – Degree Audit at https://registrar.yale.edu/student-records/degree-audit. Degree Audit displays the Yale College degree requirements that you have already completed and those that are still pending. A “Look Ahead” feature shows you how future course enrollment might apply toward your degree. If you believe that academic information in your degree audit is incorrect, contact our office.
UPCOMING DATES AND DEADLINES (5pm unless noted)
October 1 Applications for spring 2026 Term Abroad close.
October 10 Last day of courses offered in the first half of the fall term.
October 10 Last day to withdraw from a course offered in the first half of the fall term.
October 10 Last day to convert from a letter grade to the Cr/D/F option in a course offered in the first half of the fall term.
October 13 Courses offered in the second half of the fall term begin.
October 14 October recess begins after last academic obligation.
October 20 Classes resume.
October 24 Midterm.
October 24 Last day to withdraw from a fall full-term course without the course appearing on the transcript.
October 24 Deadline to apply for double credit in a single-credit course.
October 24 Withdrawal from Yale College on or before this date entitles a student to a rebate of one-quarter of the term’s tuition.
October 24 Final ABX exam grades are due.
TUTORING
Advising Resources: http://advising.yalecollege.yale.edu
Academic Strategies Program: https://poorvucenter.yale.edu/academic-strategies-program
Sc/QR Tutoring: https://poorvucenter.yale.edu/learning/help-with-stem/stem-tutoring
Language Tutoring: https://cls.yale.edu/programs/language-tutoring
Writing Center/Tutors/Partners: https://poorvucenter.yale.edu/undergraduates/undergraduate-writing-and-tutoring; https://poorvucenter.yale.edu/undergraduates/writing-center
Trumbull Writing Tutor: Adam Reid Sexton is the Trumbull College Writing Tutor. Adam teaches three courses in the English department (The Craft of Fiction, Reading and Writing the Modern Essay, and Writing About Music) and is a Critic in the graduate School of Art. During summer 2022 he taught Writing About Music for Yale in London. Adam is also a writer; his next book, Difficult Listening, is due to be published soon. To meet with Adam, please reserve a half-hour by logging on to https://www.yalewco.com/index.php, and be sure to email him the document you want help with by 7am on the day of your appointment. Include the instructor’s prompt, your focus for the meeting, and when the paper is due. Adam looks forward to working with you!
Academic Strategies Program. Through the Office of Educational Opportunity, the Academic Strategies Program helps students navigate the “hidden curriculum” at Yale, the invisible set of underlying assumptions and expectations about how to do well as a student. They offer support groups, individual mentoring, and workshops; see https://poorvucenter.yale.edu/learning.
Mid-Term Season: Becoming an Academic Baddie Again. It’s not too late to reset! This workshop helps you reflect on what’s working this semester, shift what isn’t, and build a plan for a stronger second half. Led by ASP Peer Mentors who know the power of small changes and second starts.
Monday, September 29, 4-5pm, Poorvu Center CTL, Room M104A
Wednesday, October 1, 6-7pm, Poorvu Center CTL, Room M104A
STEM Navigators: How to Do Pre-Med at Yale. Are you thinking of pursuing a career in medicine? There are many parts to preparing for medical school, including prerequisite requirements, clinical/non-clinical volunteering, and more. How does a Yalie tackle it? Come to the first part of our Pre-Med Workshop Series and get an introduction to resources and the mindset you’ll need to succeed as a pre-med at Yale! Monday, September 29, 4-5pm, Poorvu Center CTL, Room 120C
DPMPM Nintendo Switch Social. Grab a controller and join fellow gamers for an evening of friendly competition and cooperative fun! Whether you’re into Mario Kart, Smash Bros, or party games, come ready to play and make new gaming buddies. Monday, September 29, 5-6pm, Poorvu Center CTL, Room 120A
How to Lock In: Working Through Procrastination. We all procrastinate—but when it gets in the way of your goals, it’s time for a shift. In this workshop, we’ll explore what’s really driving your procrastination and share strategies to help you break out of the cycle. You’ll leave with tools to reset your habits and move forward—one doable step at a time. Monday, September 29, 6-7pm, Poorvu Center CTL, Room M104A
Senior Thesis Power Hours. Writing a Senior Thesis is HARD—but it’s way more fun with snacks, support, and friends who get it! Drop in anytime to this two-hour session, hosted by the Yale College Writing Partners and Academic Strategies Peer Mentors, for (1) Facilitated & structured focus time + breaks; (2) Delicious snacks + seltzer water; (3) optional 1:1 help from Writing Partners and Academic Strategies Peer Mentors; (4) the camaraderie you need to keep those ideas flowing. Monday, September 29, 7-9pm, Poorvu Center CTL, Room 120A
Optimize Your Reading. Not all reading strategies are created equal. This workshop introduces flexible, evidence-based techniques for reading more effectively across disciplines - whether you’re prepping for class, writing a paper, or studying for exams. Learn how to approach texts with purpose, not just persistence. Tuesday, September 30, 6-7pm, Poorvu Center CTL, Room M104A
Chat, how do I talk to my professor? Not sure how to start an email or what to say in office hours? You’re not the only one! In this session, Academic Strategies Peer Mentors walk you through real-life strategies for reaching out to faculty and building academic relationships that matter. Thursday, October 2, 4-5pm, Poorvu Center CTL, Room M104A
Eli Whitney Caffeinated Commons. Wrap up your week with community, conversation, and caffeine! Drop by this relaxed weekly hangout hosted by the Academic Strategies Program’s Eli Whitney peer mentors—sometimes there’s a theme or discussion, sometimes just snacks and good company. Whether you’re here to chat, decompress, connect, or set up your weekend, you’re always welcome. Thursdays, 4pm-6pm coffee provided. Thursday, October 2, 4-6pm, Poorvu Center CTL, Room 118B
Autism Discussion Group. An inclusive community for autistic students and allies to discuss experiences, share strategies for campus life, and build meaningful connections. Whether you’re newly diagnosed or have been part of the autism community for years, all perspectives are welcome. Thursday, October 2, 5-6pm, Poorvu Center CTL, Room 118A
Fantastic Mentors and Where to Find Them: Cultivating Faculty Mentors. Looking for someone to guide your academic path? This workshop helps you identify potential mentors, ask for support, and build lasting connections with faculty—led by juniors and seniors who’ve done it and can tell you what actually works. Thursday, October 2, 6-7pm, Poorvu Center CTL, Room M104A
Fantastic Mentors and Where to Find Them: What Is a Mentor? Who Could Be a Mentor? Mentorship comes in many forms—peers, faculty, grad students, alumni—and all of them can shape your Yale experience. This workshop is a conversation about how to recognize potential mentors, build meaningful connections, and make the most of the support already around you. You’ll leave with ideas, inspiration, and guidance from ASP Peer Mentors who’ve been both mentees and mentors themselves. Friday, October 3, 2-3pm, Poorvu Center CTL, Room M104A
Exam Study Strategies for Social Science Classes. Preparing for exams in social science courses can be tricky: the material is broad, and the expectations aren’t always clear. Learn how to organize your thinking, review strategically, and walk into your exams with confidence. Friday, October 3, 3-3:30pm, Poorvu Center CTL, Room M104A
Family Weekend FGLI Picnic. Meet your Yale alumni family during Yale Family Weekend at the 5th annual 1stGenYale Alumni & FGLI Students Picnic, co-sponsored by FGLI Thrive. At the picnic, alumni will share their experiences when they were at Yale, and now as alumni. Come with questions about how they navigated their four years or more as students. Saturday, October 4, 11:30am-1pm, Humanities Quadrangle Courtyard, 320 York Street
STEM Navigators: Monthly Study Break – Pastries and Mario Party. Please take a break from the hustle and bustle of prepping for exams and assignments and join STEM Navigators for our monthly study break! We’ll have pastries, iced lattes, and play Super Mario Party on the switch (we’ll also have physical board games and card games)! Sunday, October 5, 2-4pm, Poorvu Center CTL, Room 120A
CAREER STRATEGY
The Office of Career Strategy (OCS) offers career advising, professional school advising, employment and internship opportunities, and career development resources. The office works with students and alumni to clarify career aspirations, identify opportunities, and offer support at every stage of career development. Schedule a weekly OCS newsletter tailored to your interests, check out OCS events, opportunities, resources and services at https://ocs.yale.edu/channels/student, get even more tips and announcements at https://ocs.yale.edu/blog.
Yale College OCS-Fellowships Outreach Coordinators
The OCS-Fellowships Outreach Coordinators are undergraduate students in the residential colleges, trained by the Office of Career Strategy and the Office of Fellowships to introduce their peers to the resources of these offices. | Each outreach coordinator serves as the point person for two residential colleges. | When classes are in session, the Outreach Coordinators host programs in the colleges, are available for resume reviews, and can answer questions about career and summer funding resources. | Each also holds Open Hours once a week in each of their assigned residential colleges, which are posted on the OCS website. | Students are invited to visit them during their open hours or contact them directly.
Penguin Random House Virtual Information Session. Join us for an exciting AMA session with a seasoned publishing recruiter and a former intern who successfully transitioned to an entry-level role. Gain valuable insights into the recruitment process, learn tips for landing your dream job in publishing, and hear firsthand experiences about the journey from internship to a full-time position. No matter your academic background—be it English, Publishing, Journalism, or any other field—there’s a place for you in publishing. If you have a love for books and a desire to learn, join us and uncover how you can shape the future of publishing. Tuesday, September 30, 2-3pm, Online Event (register for link)
Harvard Business School Virtual Information Session. Harvard Business School hires full-time researchers across a variety of disciplines to contribute to cutting edge faculty research (both qualitative and quantitative) across economics, AI, general management, and more. Additionally, if you are thinking of pursuing a PhD, this is an ideal role to launch you towards higher education. Tuesday, September 30, 4:30-5pm, Online Event (register for link)
Yale Personalized Medicine & Applied Engineering Info Session. The Yale School of Engineering and the Yale School of Medicine are hosting fall information sessions for their innovative one-year joint master’s degree in Personalized Medicine & Applied Engineering. This interdisciplinary program equips students with cutting edge skills at the intersection of medicine, engineering, and computer science. Participants gain hands-on experience designing 3D solutions for personalized healthcare using technologies such as 3D imaging and printing, artificial intelligence and machine learning, robotics and computer-assisted navigation, and augmented and virtual reality (AR/VR). Pre-med and medical students, biomedical/mechanical/electrical engineering and computer science majors passionate about healthcare innovation should apply by the December 15th deadline. Tuesday, September 30, 6-7pm, Online Event (click to join)
Weill Cornell Medicine Masters Programs Virtual Info Session. Join us to learn more about our three data-driven Master of Science programs in the Population Health Sciences Department at Weill Cornell Medicine. In this hour-long virtual session, we’ll walk you through everything you need to know, including: the application timeline, student life in New York City, our capstone projects, career development opportunities, and alumni outcomes. Wednesday, October 1, 11am - 12pm, Online Event (register for link)
Ask OCS @ Dwight Hall. Join your fellow students and Jorimel Zaldivar, Senior Associate Director for Common Good Careers, as we discuss career questions and issues in a small group setting. Gain insights and advice on topics such as career exploration, composing resumes and cover letters, interview preparation, and networking. Feel free to stop by at any time between 2-4pm – no RSVP needed. Friday, October 3, 2-4pm, Dwight Hall, 67 High Street
FELLOWSHIPS AND FUNDING
Yale and outside funding options can help support research, study abroad, public service, unpaid internships, and self-designed projects, in New Haven and around the globe. Postgraduate fellowships support independent projects, graduate study, and much more. The Office of Fellowships and Funding helps students identify funding opportunities and navigate the application process. Visit https://funding.yale.edu to learn more.
[DEADLINE] Churchill Scholarship. Deadline to apply for Yale endorsement to the Churchill Scholarship, which supports one-year postgraduate degree courses at the University of Cambridge in engineering, mathematics, or the sciences. Submission deadline = Wednesday, October 1, 1pm (Eastern)
[DEADLINE] Ellison Scholars Program. Deadline to apply to the Ellison Scholars Program, which fully funds doctoral study program at Oxford University. Scholars contribute to EIT research projects in STEM fields. Submission deadline = Wednesday, October 1, 11:55pm (first rolling deadline, preferred application deadline)
Graduate Study at the University of Cambridge. Join Nathan Lamb from the office of Student Admissions & Access at the University of Cambridge for an information session outlining graduate study in the UK, programmes available at Cambridge, student experience, the application process including entry requirements and key deadlines, as well as outlining fees and funding opportunities.
Info Session: Thursday, October 2, 12-1pm, 55 Whitney Ave, 3rd Fl, Room 369
Drop-in Hour: Thursday, October 2, 1-2pm, 55 Whitney Ave, 3rd Fl, Room 369
[DEADLINE] Richard U. Light Fellowship, Early Fall Competition (Spring study abroad). The Richard U. Light Fellowship provides full funding for tuition, travel, transportation, tuition, room and board, and incidentals to Yale undergraduate, graduate, and professional school students to pursue intensive language study at approved sites in China, Taiwan, Japan, and South Korea. Deadline for completed application = Thursday, October 2, 1pm (Eastern)
Pink Pumpkin Fellowship Pop-Up Advising Hours. Have fellowship questions? Look for the pink pumpkin! Dr. Fisher, Director of the Light Fellowship and Yale College Postgraduate Fellowships Administrator, is hosting pop-up advising hours in locations around campus throughout the fall—no sign up, appointment needed, just drop by! Whether you’re planning for summer, thinking about life after graduation, or just curious about what fellowships are, this is a great chance to get answers and explore your options. Friday, October 3, 12-1:30pm, Commons, Schwarzman Center
Summer STEM Fellowships: Information Session. Attend this information, offered by Yale Undergraduate Research - Science and QR Department, to learn about summer fellowship opportunities in the STEM disciplines. Visit the Science & QR website for more helpful resources and full list of upcoming events. Friday, October 3, 4-5pm, Online Event (register for link)
[DEADLINES] Benjamin A. Gilman International Scholarship / Gilman-McCain Scholarship. Are you a U.S. citizen or national receiving a federal Pell grant who plans to study abroad during Spring 2026, Summer 2026, or Fall 2026? You may be eligible for the Gilman Scholarship to help fund your study abroad experience! To learn more about this award, see the Gilman website or meet with a Yale Fellowships adviser. To learn more about studying abroad, meet with a Study Abroad adviser. Submission Deadline for both the Benjamin A. Gilman International Scholarship and the John S. McCain International Scholarship for Military Families (Gilman-McCain Scholarship) = Friday, October 3, 11:55pm
Save the date: Fulbright SUBMIT Office Hours: Let’s Click Submit Together! Join Fulbright Program Advisor Jill Carrera to finalize your Fulbright application and click submit! Jill will be available to answer any last minute questions and make sure you feel good about clicking that submit button. Next Monday, October 6, 3-4pm, Online Event (click for link)
STUDY ABROAD
By spending a summer, semester, or full academic year studying abroad, you will be taking courses that earn graduation credit at Yale, maintaining your advising network on campus, and using Yale funding (as applicable). Plus – through navigating new environments, norms, and perspectives – you will strengthen your soft skills, including adaptability, resiliency, problem solving, resourcefulness, and intercultural communication.. Yale Study Abroad is here to support you through the process from start to finish, and it’s never too early to begin planning. Get Started!
Applications for Yale Credit for Spring 2026 Abroad
Spring 2026 Credit for Spring Term Abroad applications and Petitions for Spring Programs not on Yale’s Designated List are due Wednesday October 1st at 11:59PM. You must both apply directly to your intended study abroad program by their deadline and complete the Yale Credit for Spring Term Abroad or Petition application by October 1st. Tip: Don’t wait until the last minute to submit your application in case you have personal or technical difficulties. Emails received after 4:30PM on October 1st will not be responded to until the following day.
CET Osaka Information Sessions. If you are studying Japanese Language and interested in an immersion program with a language pledge, then you should attend this information session to learn more about CET Japan. CET Japan study abroad students are motivated learners interested in a term packed with language progress. With CET’s intensive curriculum, your commitment to full-time language pledge, and your housing with a local Japanese roommate, language isn’t just in the classroom in Osaka—it’s in everything you do. This program is offered during the semester or summer. Tuesday, September 30, 2-3pm, 55 Whitney Avenue, 3rd Floor, Rm 305
CET Beijing Information Session. If you are studying Chinese Language and interested in an immersion program with a language pledge, then you should attend this information session to learn more about CET Beijing. At CET Beijing, you take 20 hours/week of Chinese language classes with some of the best teachers in the field. Your hours are broken up between core classes, where you focus as a group on grammar, drill, and discussion, and supplementary hours where you get more individualized attention. Outside of the classroom, you live with local roommates who sign the same language pledge as you do. This program is offered during the semester, Summer, and Jan-term. Tuesday, September 30, 4-5pm, 55 Whitney Avenue, 3rd Floor, Rm 305
Spring 2026 Study Abroad Application Cram Session. Applying to study abroad in Spring 2026? Join our Outreach Coordinators for a late-night application cram session! Ask last-minute questions and enjoy snacks while finishing your applications ahead of the October 1st deadline! Food Provided Tuesday, September 30, 7-9pm, Good Life Center Lounge in Schwarzman
Save the date: Welcome Back Year/Term Abroad! This event is for students who went abroad in the 2025-2026 school year. As a welcome back to campus, we will have YC3 share tips and resources for re-adjustment to Yale, we’ll scrapbook to commemorate our time abroad (bring your photos; we’ll bring the supplies) and meet other students who went abroad over apple cider and donuts. We’ll also share some future opportunities for fellowships and travel post-study abroad! Next Monday, October 6, 5-6:30pm, (Register for Location)
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Yale in London Spring: Immersion in the Art World. Come speak with Jemma Field, Associate Head of Research at the YCBA on Tuesday, September 30, 12–1pm (Jonathan Edwards Dining Hall) The Yale Center for British Art (YCBA), in partnership with the Paul Mellon Centre (PMC), invites Yale undergraduates to apply for a unique, fully funded opportunity to explore London’s dynamic cultural sector. Over ten days, students will gain first-hand insight into the roles, responsibilities, and organizations that shape one of the world’s most vibrant art capitals.
- Program runs during spring break: March 9–20, 2026.
- Fully funded: travel, housing, visas, and stipend included
- Open to Yale College Sophomores (fourth term) and Juniors (fifth and sixth terms), from all academic backgrounds.
- Meet curators, conservators, educators, and archivists.
- Site visits and conversations with leading institutions, including the National Portrait Gallery, Tate Britain, Black Cultural Archives, V&A East, and Hauser & Wirth.
The Yale Review is open to submissions through September 30. We accept completed submissions of poetry, fiction, essays, review essays, and translations via Submittable. Every submission will receive a response by the end of May. Please note that we review only completed pieces, not pitches, through Submittable. (During designated windows, we consider pitches and time-sensitive topical pieces via email, as detailed in our Pitch Guidelines.)
Delta Air Lines CEO, Ed Bastian, Virtual Q&A with students,. The idea that great companies can serve both business and society sounds deceptively simple. In practice, it is one of the most complex challenges leaders face. Yet Ed Bastian has defied conventional cost-cutting strategies, invested billions in employees, and led Delta to become America’s most profitable airline. This event is hosted by the Yale Program on Stakeholder Innovation and Management (Y-SIM) as part of the new CEO Speaker Series, on Thursday, October 2, 10:30-11:30am (Eastern), in-person at the Snyder Forum, Yale School of Management, 165 Whitney Avenue OR virtually with the Global Network for Advanced Management community online Register and submit questions at https://ereg.som.yale.edu/YSIM_CEO_Interview_Series_Delta.
YC3
Take it Easy Tuesday: Welcome back ( : with Calmware. Take it Easy Tuesday (TIET) is a YC3 program, where we encourage students to participate in rest through creative outlets. This month we’re partnering with Calmware, a company started by Sam Sweig, a 2nd year MBA student in School of Management at Yale. Students will get the chance to mold clay into worry stones and personalize them with textures and imprints and infuse them with good intentions. They will also get the chance to paint stones that have already been formed by other community members. Tuesday, September 30, 2-4pm, Good Life Center Lounge in Schwarzman
Time Management Makeover: From Procrastinator to Pro! Tired of pulling all-nighters and feeling behind? Join Brian Hamilton, Community Wellness Specialist, for this time management session that will give you practical tools to stay organized, focused, and ahead of deadlines. Don’t let procrastination run your semester! Wednesday, October 1, 12- 12:45pm, Good Life Center Lounge in Schwarzman
Queer Mindfulness Group. Come as you are and engage in this 4-part series in collaboration with YC3 and the Yale LGBTQ Center! This 4-part series will meet for 75 minutes weekly, incorporating mindful meditation and skill techniques that will not only enhance your well-being, but is designed to help build resilience. Third Session = Wednesday, October 1, 4:30-5:45pm, Yale LGBTQ Center, 135 Prospect Street
Yale Library
First Steps with Zotero. Learn how to manage your research, take notes, and create a bibliography with Zotero. Yale users can create a free account with unlimited storage! Monday, September 29, 7-7:30pm, Online Event (register for link)
Advanced Search Techniques. In 30 minutes, learn skills to research like a librarian, including how to use advanced search techniques to find books and articles in Quicksearch. Tuesday, September 30, 7-7:30pm, Online Event (register for link)
What’s In a Word? Introduction To Text Analysis. Join us for an introduction to text analysis in this concepts-driven session. Learn key principles, discover various methods, and delve into the ethical questions surrounding the field. No coding skills are required| Online. Wednesday, October 1, 11am-12pm, Online Event (register for link)
How to Find Scholarly Articles. Are you ready to find articles thoroughly and efficiently, while also avoiding paywalls ($$)? Learn strategies to find the best possible scholarly articles from Yale Library. Wednesday, October 1, 7:30-8pm, Online Event (Register for Link)
Boost Your Google Image Searches. Learn tips and tricks on how to get better image results from google images. We will also cover basics of copyright and using image citations for your work. This session is great for anyone preparing to do a presentation with images, or who is thinking about publishing, or who simply wants to use and find images. Thursday, October 2, 11:30am-12pm, Online Event (register for link)
Library Tours. Learn about building history, Collections, as well as useful Library services for students, staff, and faculty. Registration and Yale ID card required.
Sterling Memorial Library: Friday, October 3, 10-11am
Sterling Memorial Library: Friday, October 3, 12-1pm
Marx Science & Social Science Library | Friday, October 3, 2-2:45pm
Library Workshop Incentive Program
Attend 3 or more library workshops in one semester to receive a free tote bag or water bottle.
Individualized Library Help and Research Support
Students may request a Personal Librarian, request a Research Consultation for a particular topic, or reach out to a Subject Specialist Librarian for individual support.

